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	<title>LESIA - Observatoire de Paris</title>
	<link>https://lesia.obspm.fr/</link>
	<description>De la conception des instruments d'astronomie &#224; l'exploitation des r&#233;sultats, les th&#233;matiques scientifiques d&#233;velopp&#233;es au LESIA couvrent de nombreux domaines de l'astrophysique. Les activit&#233;s sont organis&#233;es autour des projets (sol, espace ou mod&#233;lisation) dont de nombreuses r&#233;alisations instrumentales font la r&#233;putation du laboratoire.
Directeur : Vincent Coud&#233; du Foresto</description>
	<language>fr</language>
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		<title>LESIA - Observatoire de Paris</title>
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	<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Causes and Consequences of nanodust in the interplanetary medium</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Causes-and-Consequences-of.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Causes-and-Consequences-of.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2011-05-05T11:55:05Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Fluxes of nanometric dust have been recently discovered near Earth's orbit with electric field measurements onboard the STEREO space mission. The new measurements can be explained with nanodust that is accelerated in the solar wind after being formed during collisions of larger dust particles in the inner solar system. The momentum flux of the nanodust is small compared to that carried by the solar wind and the total cross-sectional area in a given volume in space of the nanodust population (...)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fluxes of nanometric dust have been recently discovered near Earth's orbit with electric field measurements onboard the STEREO space mission. The new measurements can be explained with nanodust that is accelerated in the solar wind after being formed during collisions of larger dust particles in the inner solar system. The momentum flux of the nanodust is small compared to that carried by the solar wind and the total cross-sectional area in a given volume in space of the nanodust population is smaller than that of the larger constituents of the interplanetary dust cloud. Hence the contribution of nanodust to the currently known dust interactions with the solar wind is small. The total mass flux observed in the nanodust is a small fraction of the mass that is destroyed by mutual collisions inside 1 AU, but the values are possibly beyond the fluxes that we calculate with dust collision and fragmentation models. The models have large uncertainties and it is quite possible that the nanodust does not form by direct fragmentation of the larger dust, but from a molten or processed phase of the dust material. Measuring the mass distribution of the nanodust in the interplanetary medium will give new insights in the fragmentation process and would allow re-considering the fragmentation models that are also applied in studies of dust evolution in the interstellar medium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Voyage dans la r&#233;gion source des &#233;missions radio aurorales de Saturne</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Caracterisation-de-la-region.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Caracterisation-de-la-region.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-11-29T15:20:04Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Durant les 4 derni&#232;res d&#233;cennies, des observations &#224; distance ont permis d'identifier des &#233;missions radio intenses non-thermiques originaires des r&#233;gions aurorales des plan&#232;tes magn&#233;tis&#233;es du syst&#232;me solaire (la Terre et les plan&#232;tes g&#233;antes). Cependant, seule la r&#233;gion source de l'&#233;mission radio aurorale terrestre (AKR pour Auroral Kilometric Radiation) a pu &#234;tre &#233;tudi&#233;e in situ gr&#226;ce &#224; de nombreuses observations spatiales (ISIS 1, Viking, Fast, Freja). Ces mesures ont permis de caract&#233;riser en d&#233;tail les (...)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Durant les 4 derni&#232;res d&#233;cennies, des observations &#224; distance ont permis
d'identifier des &#233;missions radio intenses non-thermiques originaires des
r&#233;gions aurorales des plan&#232;tes magn&#233;tis&#233;es du syst&#232;me solaire (la Terre
et les plan&#232;tes g&#233;antes). Cependant, seule la r&#233;gion source de
l'&#233;mission radio aurorale terrestre (AKR pour Auroral Kilometric
Radiation) a pu &#234;tre &#233;tudi&#233;e in situ gr&#226;ce &#224; de nombreuses observations
spatiales (ISIS 1, Viking, Fast, Freja). Ces mesures ont permis de
caract&#233;riser en d&#233;tail les conditions et le m&#233;canisme d'&#233;mission de ce
rayonnement radio, g&#233;n&#233;r&#233; au dessus de l'atmosph&#232;re par r&#233;sonance
cyclotron avec des e- auroraux acc&#233;l&#233;r&#233;s ( keV) circulant le long de
lignes de champ magn&#233;tiques de haute latitude. Fin 2008, la mission
Cassini traversait pour la premi&#232;re fois la r&#233;gion aurorale o&#249; le
rayonnement kilom&#233;trique &#233;quivalent de Saturne (SKR pour Saturn
Kilometric Radiation, d&#233;couvert par Voyager en 1980) prend naissance. En
tirant partie des observations in situ simultan&#233;es fournies par divers
instruments &#224; bord (radio, magn&#233;tom&#232;tre, particules), j'ai pu
caract&#233;riser le plasma auroral et les propri&#233;t&#233;s de l'onde dans la
r&#233;gion source, permettant de tester son m&#233;canisme d'&#233;mission (suppos&#233;
similaire &#224; celui de l'AKR) et contraindre sa source d'&#233;nergie libre.
Par ailleurs, les antennes radio d&#233;tectant &#224; la fois des &#233;missions
locales et distantes, j'ai pu d&#233;crire et quantifier l'&#233;volution des
propri&#233;t&#233;s de l'onde au cours de leur propagation dans un plasma
magn&#233;tis&#233; (polarisation, diagramme d'&#233;mission apparent).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>2D multi-thread modeling of prominence fine structures - models and recent results.</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/2D-multi-thread-modeling-of.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/2D-multi-thread-modeling-of.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-11-24T09:13:42Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;The modeling of quiescent prominences provides us with a useful tool for understanding of these complex and beautiful solar features. We employ a state-of-the-art 2D multi-thread models to describe the prominence fine structures in the form of vertical 2D threads suspended in a dipped horizontal magnetic field in a magneto-hydrostatic equilibrium. The temperature structure of these threads includes the prominence-corona transition region. We consistently solve the 2D non-LTE radiative (...)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;The modeling of quiescent prominences provides us with a useful
tool for understanding of these complex and beautiful solar
features. We employ a state-of-the-art 2D multi-thread models to
describe the prominence fine structures in the form of vertical 2D
threads suspended in a dipped horizontal magnetic field in a
magneto-hydrostatic equilibrium. The temperature structure of
these threads includes the prominence-corona transition region. We
consistently solve the 2D non-LTE radiative transfer within
threads to obtain the synthetic hydrogen spectra which we compare
with observations. In this seminar I will briefly outline the
properties of the 2D multi-thread models and present our recent
results. Those include the analyses of the effect of the magnetic
field orientation with respect to the LOS on the shape of the
hydrogen Lyman lines, study of the Lyman line asymmetries, and
statistical analyses of two observed quiescent prominences.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Co-authors: P. Heinzel, U. Anzer, B. Schmieder, P. Schwartz&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Le survol de (21) Lutetia par Rosetta</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Le-survol-de-21-Lutetia-par.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Le-survol-de-21-Lutetia-par.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-11-10T16:10:12Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Le 10 Juillet 2010 la sonde Rosetta de l'ESA a effectu&#233; le survol de l'ast&#233;ro&#239;de (21) Lutetia. Les r&#233;sultats recueillis par les instruments embarqu&#233;s OSiRIS (syst&#232;me d'imagerie), VIRTIS spectrom&#232;tre V et IR), RSS (Radio science), MIRO (microwaves instrument) seront pr&#233;sent&#233;s et discut&#233;s par les chercheurs du LESIA qui sont engag&#233;s dans les diff&#233;rentes &#233;quipes en tant que co-investgateurs ou interdisciplinary (...)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Le 10 Juillet 2010 la sonde Rosetta de l'ESA a effectu&#233; le survol de l'ast&#233;ro&#239;de (21) Lutetia. Les r&#233;sultats recueillis par les instruments embarqu&#233;s OSiRIS (syst&#232;me d'imagerie), VIRTIS spectrom&#232;tre V et IR), RSS (Radio science), MIRO (microwaves instrument) seront pr&#233;sent&#233;s et discut&#233;s par les chercheurs du LESIA qui sont engag&#233;s dans les diff&#233;rentes &#233;quipes en tant que co-investgateurs ou interdisciplinary scientist.
&lt;span class='spip_document_1531 spip_documents spip_documents_left'&gt; &lt;img src='https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/local/cache-vignettes/L432xH378/Lutetia_21-d999c.png?1684378145' width='432' height='378' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Premi&#232;re d&#233;tection claire des oscillations globales de Jupiter</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Premiere-detection-claire-des.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Premiere-detection-claire-des.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-11-04T17:06:27Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;La connaissance de la structure interne de Jupiter apporterait de fortes contraintes sur la formation du syst&#232;me solaire. La mesure de la masse de son noyau et de sa composition globale indiqueraient si la plan&#232;te s'est form&#233;e par accr&#233;tion ou instabilit&#233; gravitationnelle. Aujourd'hui, la structure interne de Jupiter est mal contrainte et la sismologie, qui consiste en l'identification de ses modes acoustiques propres, est la seule mani&#232;re de mesurer profond&#233;ment le profil de densit&#233;. La sismologie (...)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;La connaissance de la structure interne de Jupiter apporterait de fortes contraintes sur la formation du syst&#232;me solaire. La mesure de la masse de son noyau et de sa composition globale indiqueraient si la plan&#232;te s'est form&#233;e par accr&#233;tion ou instabilit&#233; gravitationnelle. Aujourd'hui, la structure interne de Jupiter est mal contrainte et la sismologie, qui consiste en l'identification de ses modes acoustiques propres, est la seule mani&#232;re de mesurer profond&#233;ment le profil de densit&#233;. La sismologie de Jupiter fut consid&#233;r&#233;e &#224; partir des ann&#233;es 1970, et jusqu'&#224; maintenant, les diff&#233;rentes tentatives ont, au mieux, conduit &#224; des r&#233;sultats ambigus. Dans ce s&#233;minaire, je pr&#233;senterai la d&#233;tection des modes d'oscillation propres de Jupiter &#224; partir de mesures de vitesse radiales, qui ont &#233;t&#233; effectu&#233;es avec le tachym&#232;tre de Fourier SYMPA (Observatoire de la C&#244;te d'Azur). Les param&#232;tres sismiques globaux ont &#233;t&#233; mesur&#233;s, &#224; savoir la fr&#233;quence d'amplitude maximale &#224; 1213&#177;32 &#181;Hz, la grande s&#233;paration moyenne &#224; 155.2&#177;2.1 &#181;Hz et l'amplitude maximale des modes &#224; 49 (-10/+8) cm s-1. L'estimation de la grande s&#233;paration moyenne est coh&#233;rente avec les mod&#232;les actuels de Jupiter, qui pr&#233;sentent un noyau de plusieurs masses terrestres. Ces r&#233;sultats mettent un terme au d&#233;bat sur la d&#233;tectabilit&#233; des oscillations de Jupiter et ouvre la voie &#224; la contrainte de la structure interne des plan&#232;tes g&#233;antes du syst&#232;me solaire.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>&#201;tude de la formation des disques circumstellaires autour des &#233;toiles Be avec l'instrument VEGA/CHARA</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Etude-de-la-formation-des-disques.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Etude-de-la-formation-des-disques.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-10-25T08:09:54Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Les &#233;toiles Be sont des rotateurs rapide de la s&#233;quence principale de type spectral B et pr&#233;sentant ou ayant pr&#233;sent&#233; par le pass&#233; des raies de la s&#233;rie de Balmer en &#233;mission (appel&#233; commun&#233;ment &#034;Ph&#233;nom&#232;ne Be&#034;). Il est g&#233;n&#233;ralement admis que ces raies d'&#233;mission proviennent d'un environnement circumstellaire constitu&#233; essentiellement d'hydrog&#232;ne &#233;ject&#233; par l'&#233;toile. Cependant, l'origine de la formation de ces environnements autour des &#233;toiles Be reste un probl&#232;me fondamental non r&#233;solu. Durant ce s&#233;minaire, (...)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Les &#233;toiles Be sont des rotateurs rapide de la s&#233;quence principale de type
spectral B et pr&#233;sentant ou ayant pr&#233;sent&#233; par le pass&#233; des raies de la
s&#233;rie de Balmer en &#233;mission (appel&#233; commun&#233;ment &#034;Ph&#233;nom&#232;ne Be&#034;). Il est g&#233;n&#233;ralement admis que ces raies d'&#233;mission proviennent d'un environnement circumstellaire constitu&#233; essentiellement d'hydrog&#232;ne &#233;ject&#233; par l'&#233;toile. Cependant, l'origine de la formation de ces environnements autour des &#233;toiles Be reste un probl&#232;me fondamental non r&#233;solu. Durant ce s&#233;minaire, je pr&#233;senterai les m&#233;canismes connus &#224; ce jour pouvant &#234;tre responsables de la formation de ces environnements et je tenterai d'apporter des contraintes sur ces possibles m&#233;canismes gr&#226;ce &#224; l'&#233;tude de la g&#233;om&#233;trie et de la cin&#233;matique de leurs environnements circumstellaires.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
	<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Seminaire PHASE / LESIA : Imagerie directe d'exo-plan&#232;tes : coronographie et contr&#244;le de front d'onde</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Seminaire-PHASE-LESIA-Imagerie.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Seminaire-PHASE-LESIA-Imagerie.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-10-11T10:33:36Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;La d&#233;tection directe d'exo plan&#232;tes depuis la terre ou l'espace n&#233;cessite une consid&#233;rable suppression coh&#233;rente de la lumi&#232;re de l'&#233;toile. Dans une premi&#232;re partie je pr&#233;senterai ensuite des r&#233;sultats obtenus au Princeton High Contrast Laboratory, ax&#233;s sur l'optique adaptative spatiale mais g&#233;n&#233;ralisable au sol, prouvant la faisabilit&#233; du contr&#244;le simultan&#233; d'amplitude et de phase en utilisant deux miroirs d&#233;formables en s&#233;rie. Je montrerai ensuite comment les mod&#232;les d&#233;velopp&#233;s dans le cadre, cette exp&#233;rience (...)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;La d&#233;tection directe d'exo plan&#232;tes depuis la terre ou l'espace n&#233;cessite une consid&#233;rable suppression coh&#233;rente de la lumi&#232;re de l'&#233;toile. Dans une premi&#232;re partie je pr&#233;senterai ensuite des r&#233;sultats obtenus au Princeton High Contrast Laboratory, ax&#233;s sur l'optique adaptative spatiale mais g&#233;n&#233;ralisable au sol, prouvant la faisabilit&#233; du contr&#244;le simultan&#233; d'amplitude et de phase en utilisant deux miroirs d&#233;formables en s&#233;rie. Je montrerai ensuite comment les mod&#232;les d&#233;velopp&#233;s dans le cadre, cette exp&#233;rience peuvent &#234;tre utilis&#233;s afin d'affiner notre compr&#233;hension du coronographe PIAA, et en particulier ouvrent la possibilit&#233;s d'impl&#233;menter un tel syst&#232;me a l'aide de miroirs d&#233;formables. La seconde partie se focalisera sur des r&#233;sultats exp&#233;rimentaux r&#233;cents obtenus outre-atlantique dans le domaine de la mesure de front d'onde, et l'extinction dynamique de &#171; speckles &#187; via des miroirs d&#233;formables. Je pr&#233;senterai tout d'abord les tout derniers r&#233;sultats du banc d'essai de l'interf&#233;rom&#232;tre de calibration du Gemini Planet Imager, ou des mesures de phase avec 5 nm de pr&#233;cision ont &#233;t&#233; r&#233;alis&#233;es. Une telle mesure, d&#233;coupl&#233;e du d&#233;tecteur scientifique, permettra une fois sur le t&#233;lescope de corriger les erreurs de front d'onde non communes dont les constantes de temps sont plus courtes que les poses scientifiques, et donc d'affiner le contraste des observations depuis le sol.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
	<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>The Ancient Egyptian Civilization: Maximum and Minimum in Coincidence With Solar Activity</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/The-Ancient-Egyptian-Civilization.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/The-Ancient-Egyptian-Civilization.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-10-07T07:49:19Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;It is proved from the last 22 years observations of the total solar irradiance (TSI) from space by artificial satellites, that TSI shows negative correlation with the solar activity (sunspots, flares, and 10.7cm Radio emissions) from day to day, but shows positive correlations with the same activity from year to year (on the base of the annual average for each of them). Also, the solar constant, which estimated from ground stations for beam solar radiations observations during the 20th (...)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is proved from the last 22 years observations of the total solar irradiance (TSI) from space by artificial satellites, that TSI shows negative correlation with the solar activity (sunspots, flares, and 10.7cm Radio emissions) from day to day, but shows positive correlations with the same activity from year to year (on the base of the annual average for each of them). Also, the solar constant, which estimated from ground stations for beam solar radiations observations during the 20th century indicate coincidence with the phases of the 11- year cycles.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is known from sunspot observations (250 years) , and from C14 analysis, that there are another long-term cycles for the solar activity larger than 11-year cycle. The variability of the total solar irradiance affecting on the climate, and the Nile flooding, where there is a periodicities in the Nile flooding similar to that of solar activity, from the analysis of about 1300 years of the Nile level observations at Cairo. The secular variations of the Nile levels, regularly measured from the 7th to 15th century A.D., clearly correlate with the solar variations, which suggests evidence for solar influence on the climatic changes in the East African tropics.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The civilization of the ancient Egyptian was highly correlated with the Nile flooding , where the river Nile was and still is, the source of the life in the Valley and Delta inside high dry desert area.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The study depends on long-time historical data for Carbon 14 (more than five thousand years), and chronical scanning for all the elements of the ancient Egyptian civilization starting from the first dynasty to the twenty sixth dynasty. The result shows coincidence between the ancient Egyptian civilization and solar activity. For example, the period of pyramids building, which is one of the Brilliant periods, is corresponding to maximum solar activity, where the periods of occupation of Egypt by Foreign Peoples corresponding to minimum solar activity. The decline of the Kingdoms in ancient Egypt and occurrence of the intermediate periods are generally explained by very low Nile floods and prolonged droughts followed by severe famines and the destruction of the political structure. The study clarifies the role of solar activity on the climatic change, and the humankind history.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Utilisation of Electromagnetic Angular Momentum in Radio Studies of Space (parts 1/4 and 2/4)</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Utilisation-of-Electromagnetic,516.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Utilisation-of-Electromagnetic,516.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-10-05T08:48:34Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Two 45 minute seminars separated by a coffee break will be presented on this day. Two more seminars will be presented on Friday. Most of the information we obtain about the Universe is extracted from the electromagnetic radiation from space that reaches our telescopes and other sensor systems on Earth and on board spacecraft orbiting Earth. Up till now, virtually all radiation from Nature has been analyzed only with respect to its intensity, spectral content, direction of (...)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Two 45 minute seminars separated by a coffee break will be presented on this day. Two more seminars will be presented on Friday.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most of the information we obtain about the Universe is extracted from the electromagnetic radiation from space that reaches our telescopes and other sensor systems on Earth and on board spacecraft orbiting Earth.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; Up till now, virtually all radiation from Nature has been analyzed only with respect to its intensity, spectral content, direction of arrival, and polarization. While polarization is a manifestation of the physical fact that electromagnetic radiation does not only carry linear momentum but also angular momentum, polarization measurements alone do not provide an exhaustive characterization of the total angular momentum state of electromagnetic radiation. Already in the early 1900s it was shown theoretically that collimated beams can carry angular momentum. In the 1930s and 1940s, elegant Einstein-de Haas type experiments for photons carried out by Beth in optics and by Carrara in radio showed that angular momentum can be transferred from electromagnetic beams to mechanical bodies. In the years that followed, very high angular momentum states of nuclei were discovered via their photon decays. Still, it was not until the 1990s that laser beams and microwave radio beams carrying both spin angular momentum (polarization) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) could be readily generated, controlled, and detected. Soon thereafter it was experimentally proved that individual photons can be endowed with OAM and be entangled in these states, showing that electromagnetic radiation can be characterized, analyzed, and utilized more fully than what was commonly known at the time. Recently the possibility of using the OAM degrees of freedom of light and radio in astrophysics and space physics has come to the fore.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; It is namely reasonable to assume that electromagnetic OAM is radiated by some astrophysical sources or is imparted upon radiation through interaction with plasma in space, at least under certain conditions. The characterization of the OAM of light or radio beams intercepted by telescopes on Earth or in space can provide new and crucial information about the physical processes involved. Following this assumption, many authors have proposed studies with new instruments to detect and manipulate the electromagnetic OAM, henceforth referred to as POAM (photon orbital angular momentum) and also performed new experiments at the telescope. This represents a single face of a more complex evolution occurring now in astronomy. As described by Harwit, POAM permits new types of measurements and paves the way for the utilization of topological and more generic degrees of freedom in astronomy and space sciences.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; These seminars describe and discuss some of these new opportunities, from theoretical foundations to applications of POAM in space physics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Utilisation of Electromagnetic Angular Momentum in Radio Studies of Space (parts 3/4 and 4/4)</title>
		<link>https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Utilisation-of-Electromagnetic.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/Utilisation-of-Electromagnetic.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-10-05T08:45:38Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Filippo Pantellini</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Two 45 minute seminars separated by a coffee break will be presented on this day. Most of the information we obtain about the Universe is extracted from the electromagnetic radiation from space that reaches our telescopes and other sensor systems on Earth and on board spacecraft orbiting Earth. Up till now, virtually all radiation from Nature has been analyzed only with respect to its intensity, spectral content, direction of arrival, and polarization. While polarization is a (...)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://youtube.lesia.obspm.fr/-Saison-2010-2011-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Saison 2010-2011&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Two 45 minute seminars separated by a coffee break will be presented on this day.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most of the information we obtain about the Universe is extracted from the electromagnetic radiation from space that reaches our telescopes and other sensor systems on Earth and on board spacecraft orbiting Earth.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Up till now, virtually all radiation from Nature has been analyzed only with respect to its intensity, spectral content, direction of arrival, and polarization. While polarization is a manifestation of the physical fact that electromagnetic radiation does not only carry linear momentum but also angular momentum, polarization measurements alone do not provide an exhaustive characterization of the total angular momentum state of electromagnetic radiation. Already in the early 1900s it was shown theoretically that collimated beams can carry angular momentum. In the 1930s and 1940s, elegant Einstein-de Haas type experiments for photons carried out by Beth in optics and by Carrara in radio showed that angular momentum can be transferred from electromagnetic beams to mechanical bodies. In the years that followed, very high angular momentum states of nuclei were discovered via their photon decays. Still, it was not until the 1990s that laser beams and microwave radio beams carrying both spin angular momentum (polarization) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) could be readily generated, controlled, and detected. Soon thereafter it was experimentally proved that individual photons can be endowed with OAM and be entangled in these states, showing that electromagnetic radiation can be characterized, analyzed, and utilized more fully than what was commonly known at the time. Recently the possibility of using the OAM degrees of freedom of light and radio in astrophysics and space physics has come to the fore.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is namely reasonable to assume that electromagnetic OAM is radiated by some astrophysical sources or is imparted upon radiation through interaction with plasma in space, at least under certain conditions. The characterization of the OAM of light or radio beams intercepted by telescopes on Earth or in space can provide new and crucial information about the physical processes involved. Following this assumption, many authors have proposed studies with new instruments to detect and manipulate the electromagnetic OAM, henceforth referred to as POAM (photon orbital angular momentum) and also performed new experiments at the telescope. This represents a single face of a more complex evolution occurring now in astronomy. As described by Harwit, POAM permits new types of measurements and paves the way for the utilization of topological and more generic degrees of freedom in astronomy and space sciences.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These seminars describe and discuss some of these new opportunities, from theoretical foundations to applications of POAM in space physics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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